ABSTRACT Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder affecting women of reproductive age It is now called Polycystic Metabolism Disease. It is characterized by disturbances in ovulation, altered ovarian function, hormonal imbalance, and metabolic changes. Menstrual irregularity, acne, unwanted hair growth, weight gain, and difficulty in conception are frequently observed clinical features. The condition is multifactorial,…
Abstract Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is often described as a silent disease because the kidneys can lose substantial function before obvious symptoms appear. Behind this silence, millions of nephrons may gradually decline, affecting fluid balance, blood pressure, mineral metabolism, and waste removal. Diabetes and hypertension remain major drivers, while glomerular, hereditary, obstructive, and systemic diseases can also contribute. Early detection…
Abstract Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis (PVNS), now commonly classified within the spectrum of tenosynovial giant cell tumors, is an uncommon proliferative disorder affecting the synovial lining of joints, bursae, and tendon sheaths. It is characterized by excessive synovial proliferation and hemosiderin accumulation, leading to progressive joint swelling, pain, stiffness, and restricted movement. The knee and hip are frequently involved, although other…
Abstract Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), now commonly termed immune thrombocytopenia, is an acquired autoimmune disorder characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia resulting from increased platelet destruction and impaired platelet production. It may occur at any age and can present with petechiae, purpura, easy bruising, mucosal bleeding, or, in severe cases, internal hemorrhage. Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical assessment, complete blood count,…
Introduction Fatty liver disease is a common metabolic condition characterized by excessive accumulation of fat in the liver. It is frequently associated with obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels, and a sedentary lifestyle. Alcohol consumption can also contribute to liver fat accumulation and liver injury. In its early stages, fatty liver disease may cause no…
ABSTRACT Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune condition in which body’s immune system destroys platelets which leads to a low platelet count and increased risk of bleeding. It affects approximately 2–4 adults per 100,000 people every year and it can occur at any age. In children, ITP often develops after a viral infection, while in adults it may become persistent…
Abstract Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune hematological disorder characterized by increased platelet destruction, impaired platelet production, and decreased circulating platelet count leading to bleeding manifestations of variable severity. The condition may present as primary ITP or develop secondary to infections, autoimmune disorders, medications, and other systemic factors. In Ayurveda, ITP does not have an exact classical disease counterpart,…
Abstract Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the inner lining of the large intestine. It can cause symptoms such as frequent loose stools, abdominal discomfort, urgency to pass stool, and sometimes blood or mucus in the stool. The severity and pattern of symptoms may vary from person to person, with periods of flare-ups followed by remission. Although…